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Adapters, spacers and old wives tales?

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13K views 47 replies 20 participants last post by  peanutbuttersports  
#1 ·
OK, what's the real scoop on wheel adapters and spacers?

When I was into VWs (specifically Volksrods), a sure way to get a flame war going was to mention running adapters for non-VW wheels. The guys running them generally didn't have a problem and those that weren't running them would scream about safety concerns. There were very few folks (volks?:D) that had first hand accounts of failures but they were out there.

AFA spacers what kind of extra wear is being added to the wheel bearings? The Old Man (aka Dad) remembers his older brothers fooling with cars in the 50s and he did his fair share in the 60s. He said running spacers or reverse wheels usually wound up causing wheel bearing and /or balljoint issues. Since a lot of it was DiY with homemade parts, I wonder if the newer "precision" parts eliminate those problems?

Thoughts or experiences anyone?

Thanks!:thumbup:
 
#7 ·
I had a first hand experience with an adapter sheering off at 65-70mph on I-95.
Just out of curiosity, what kind of wheels were you running and on what kind of vehicle? Not that it's really pertinent, just curious.
 
#3 · (Edited)
I have run solid aluminum wheel spacers on 3 vehicles before and for the last 2 years on my Rado. Never once had a problem. The shearing thing is the biggest concern I guess. But as far as im concerned its no different then a wheel with very little backspacing.

Porsche run spacers from the factory in some of their applications help fit wider wheel wheels and increase track on some of their different applications.

I posted about this before and linked the website this info from porsche came from and there has been other threads about this topic in the past.

...

Here are some OEM porsche wheel spacers for sale...

http://forums.pelicanparts.com/pors...911-used-parts-sale-wanted/488953-fs-porsche-oem-factory-5mm-wheel-spacers.html

If porsche runs them then I think my mildy used off-road Colly will be ok. Yes Im sure the OEM Porsche spacers are amazing quality, but they are still spacers lol
 
#4 ·
Thin spacers with proper lug length should be fine. It's the lug adapters that can be a concern. They are often very thick to clear the stock lugs then have more holes drilled for the new lug pattern. On a light VW with light weight wheels it may not be that bad. On a truck running 50+ lb 20" wheels/tires, I don't trust them.
 
#6 ·
Many thanks for the info!

I don't see adapters in my future but it's nice to know spacers aren't a serious issue. I've been pondering some mid-90s Z71 wheels and gathering information. Someone who's done it in the past said they ran 1.5"spacers up front. That seemed a bit much to me (in my admittedly VERY limited experience) and seemed it might lead to the type of issues The Old Man always mentioned when discussing spacers, etc.
 
#10 ·
I know it would be easy to do using an air wrench, what about just by hand?
 
#12 ·
Anyone running H3 wheels with spacers up front to help avoid rubbing problems with 265/75/16 tires? I've also been planning a lift, and it appears that if I lift my truck with TA crank/BJ flip in the front and AAL in the rear and want to run H3 wheels, 2 things will happen, the front will have a narrower track than the rear due to the angle of the suspension, and the tires will rub in the front. Seems like a 3/4" or 1" spacer would solve both issues. Anyone?
Thanks!
Gary
08 Canyon Z85 4x4 Extended Cab
 
#14 ·
Please stop by and introduce yourself in the new members section!
 
#16 ·
Think of the whhel flange mounting area as a lever prying on the wheel studs.(That is what happens with all the forces acting on the tire from just about any concievable direction, sterering forces/ going through a turn/hitting a curb to name but a few)
Now add a spacer, thus increasing the length of the lever which creates a mechanical advantage.
Same reason that our wives/girl friends don't jog in high heels.
Spacers are all right on a trail rig at low speeds, but wheel seperation at highway speeds is not something pleasant to think about.
 
#20 ·
Ok, I did some reading, research and applied a little basic physics. Lets dispel some myths. Let's examine the forces acting on a stud shall we. There is the axial force acting along the axis of the bolt, due to the preload (or torque) applied when tightening the stud.
Cornering forces which try to pry the wheel away from the hub also contribute to this axial force.
There is also force on the stud due to the weight of the vehicle, this acts perpendicular to the axis of the bolt, downward.
There is also a force on the stud due to acceleration. This acts perpendicular to the axis of the bolt, but more or less tangential to the rotation of the wheel.
These last two forces contribute to a net shear force in the stud.
None of these forces are a bending force, prying force, or moment. So, adding a spacer would not change the net forces in the bolt, just the location at which the shear forces are acting.
There's an article here: Bolt Science - Wheel Stud Failures noting that the majority of wheel failures can be attributed to fatigue, mainly as a result of loose or overtightened wheel studs. As the forces described above are constantly changing direction due to the rotation of the wheel, the studs are prone to fatigue failure.
Loose studs can come about by not retorquing the studs after a short period of driving. Adding a spacer adds one additional interface in the assembly. It's my opinion that this additional interface adds to the probability of the assembly interface relaxing or shifting after the initial tightening, resulting in under tightened studs, resulting in damage, and an eventual fatigue failure.

Long story short, it becomes more important to check and properly re-torque wheels after a short period of use if you are using spacers. If this is done, there should be no ill effect.

My 2-cents. If I can get the H3 wheels I had in mind, I'll try some spacers and let you know if I have any problems.

Regards,
Gary
 
#22 ·
All I can add is 30 years experience on this. No major wheel manufacturer advocates the use of spacers. Never met a reputable dealer or mechanic that would install them. Have a wheel separation on the highway and hope your insurance company doesn't find out, they will use any excuse to avoid paying a claim.The article quoted is on highway tractors with 10 or more lugs, we have 6. They have 40 percent more lugs in the event of failure. There testing was done on stock rims with no additional leverage factors added due to spacers. When using a spacer,other than removing the wheel how do you verify torque on the originals, other than as previously mentioned... removing the wheels and checking. Just as alloy wheels have different thermal cycling rates than the iron hubs they are attached to making periodic torque checks required. The aluminum wheel spacers add to this burden. Our wheels fit to our wheels very precisely, the centre hole sitting on the axle flange bears most, if not all the load. Even if the new spacers have this hub centric fitting, it is a soft lip of aluminun now supporting the wheel. And important consideration if heavy loads are in your future or rough use. All these forces multiply when bigger heavier wheels are used. Wheel studs are generally a high grade. Higher grade bolts have greater clamping forces than lower grade bolts, the price is reduced shear capiacity. Generally lower grade bolts bend before they break. I have never seen a wheel stud bend and give you notice that failure is iminent... They just snap without warning. On big tired trucks, spacers are more suited for off road.
As a final check, call your insurance company and tell them you want to run wheel spacers and see what they say.
 
#21 ·
I agree to the above but (and again I have run 1" spacers hard for almost 2 years now...) its not possible to retorque the spacers after 50-100 miles after install without removing the tires of course. So i recommend to install everthing and torque to spec. Then drive 50-75 miles and remove the wheels and retorque the spacers then put wheels back on. THEN after another 75 miles or so retorque just the wheels this time. Done and Done
 
#25 ·
I ran 2.25 and 2.5 adapters on my S10 to get Corvette wheels to fit and never had a problem. Hell, when the truck was hit one of the wheels came in contact with the frame and bent the fuck out of the wheel and the spacer was fine and held up. I also have a set of 1.25 on the rear of my Blazer without any issues.

I think alot of the problems comes from over tightening
 
#26 ·
Yeah I was thinking of getting some spacers to run some 4G Camaro wheels on my 1G Dime, but I'd need like 2" spacers. So think I will stick with what I have!
 
#28 ·
Wheels spacers can be safe. Just like anything other mod. However, Material(not cast for sure)Design/thickness/installation/maintenance have to be considered..
The problem here is some halfwit reads he can bolt the rim of his choice on his ride, but never considers the implications.
Back in the day when 4x4 trucks were generally all leaf sprung. Big tires were catching on. Blocks were a cheap way to raise the rear, but were deemed unsafe for the front axle due to the different dynamics a front axle encountered. Also a catastrophic failure of a block would render the vehicle unsteerable. But the same halfwits could never be convinced of this. There was a large effort put for by the communities media of the day,the major 4wd magazines not to feature trucks lifted by this method. Eventually it caught on for the most part.
The judgement call everyone should make before a modification is; Do I fully understand all the potential ramifications of this modification. And would I allow someone I love to drive it. For me, it has alway been; Would I allow my children to ride in it.
If you can't, you shouldn't be touching it.
 
#29 ·
Wheels spacers can be safe. Just like anything other mod. However, Material(not cast for sure)Design/thickness/installation/maintenance have to be considered..
The problem here is some halfwit reads he can bolt the rim of his choice on his ride, but never considers the implications.
I have a simple saying that sums your thoughts up:

You can lead an idiot to knowledge but you can't make him think.

Feel free to use as necessary.:lol::thumbup:

FWIW, it's the implications that convinced me to stray from my plan of using the full size Z71s. After the initial machining the test wheel needed some tweaking but the lug nuts never did seat to my satisfaction and I could not see a solution that would let me sleep at night. Plus I'm not about to ask my BiL to use all of his free time at work tweaking my wheels then arrange to meet up and test fit them, etc.

That's why I ordered Soft 8s this morning.:D
 
#31 ·
Thanks and I see you found a new ride as well...:thumbup:
 
#33 ·
How long until you get the pics shopped with your drop and wheels?:lol: